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Drone in flight above an urban area with roads and buildings below107.105 / 107.145

Free Part 107 tool

Operations over people and moving vehicles

Test the aircraft category, people exposure, transit pattern, site controls, Remote ID, and moving-vehicle rules against one mission plan.

Open the decision lab

Part 107 decision lab

Build the operation

01

Aircraft eligibility

The category belongs to the aircraft and its approved configuration. It is not created by the pilot's risk assessment.

Which eligibility path can you support?

Category 1 physical check

Use total takeoff weight with every battery, guard, light, and payload attached. The rule uses 0.55 lb or less.

Enter the measured or documented operating weight.

Could an exposed rotating part lacerate human skin on impact?
02

People beneath the route

Choose the least-protected person who could be directly beneath any part of the normal or contingency path.

Who is least protected beneath the route?

Under Part 107, over means directly over any part of a person. If groups are mixed, choose the answer with the greatest exposure.

03

Moving vehicles

Section 107.145 applies when the aircraft is directly over a person located inside a moving vehicle.

Will any route segment pass over a person inside a moving vehicle?

Part 107 scope

The result covers operations directly over people and people inside moving vehicles under the federal small UAS rule.

Decision, not permission

An allowed result is not airspace authorization, launch-site permission, property access, a waiver, or approval to fly.

Local working record

Answers persist in this browser. Copy the result into the mission record before field conditions or the plan changes.

Category reference

Four paths, different proof

Category 1 uses physical criteria. Categories 2 and 3 depend on FAA-accepted compliance records for the exact aircraft. Category 4 depends on airworthiness certification and approved operating limits.

A pilot cannot make a heavier aircraft Category 2 or 3 by declaration, a propeller guard alone, or an energy calculation that is not tied to the FAA-accepted compliance path.
Comparison of Part 107 operations over people Categories 1 through 4
CategoryAircraft eligibilityProof to holdKey operating limit
10.55 lb or less at takeoff and throughout the operation, including attachments and payload. No exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.The remote PIC verifies the physical criteria for the actual takeoff configuration.Sustained flight over an open-air assembly requires Remote ID. Moving-vehicle operations must meet section 107.145.
2Injury severity no greater than 11 foot-pounds, no lacerating exposed rotating parts, and no safety defects.FAA-accepted Means of Compliance and Declaration of Compliance, required category label, and remote pilot operating instructions.Sustained flight over an open-air assembly requires Remote ID. Moving-vehicle operations must meet section 107.145.
3Injury severity no greater than 25 foot-pounds, no lacerating exposed rotating parts, and no safety defects.FAA-accepted Means of Compliance and Declaration of Compliance, required category label, and remote pilot operating instructions.Never over an open-air assembly. Sustained flight over exposed people requires a closed or restricted site with notice. Section 107.145 also applies to moving vehicles.
4A small unmanned aircraft with an airworthiness certificate issued under part 21.Approved Flight Manual and Administrator-issued limits, plus required maintenance, inspections, continued airworthiness, and records.Applicable limits must permit the operation over people or moving vehicles. Sustained flight over an open-air assembly requires Remote ID.

Educational decision support, not legal advice. Federal sources checked July 11, 2026. Verify the current regulation, aircraft records, approved instructions, and actual conditions before every operation.